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Azerbaijan, the country and the former Soviet republic are surrounded by the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus Mountains, which include Asia and Europe. Its capital, Baku, was praised for its medieval walled Inner City. Inside the inner city is the Palace of the Shirvanshak, a magnificent retreat dating back to the fifteenth century and the hundreds of years old stone Maiden Tower dominating the city skies. Currency Name Azerbaijan Manat. 99.8 lakh as per 2019 census. The official language of this country is Azerbaijani.