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OPGW Cable OPGW Ground Wire Fiber Optic Overhead Wire Standard The optical power ground wire (OPGW), also known as the optical fiber overhead ground wire, contains the optical fiber unit for communication in the ground wire of the power transmission line. It has two functions, one is as a lightning protection wire for transmission lines, providing shielding protection for the transmission wire against lightning strike and discharge. Video, data and various control signals form a multi-channel broadband communication network. OPGW cables generally have skeleton type, central tube type and layer twist type.