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Black annealed cold rolled steel coil (sometimes called Cold-Rolled Black Annealed, or CRBA) starts as ordinary cold rolled steel. The key difference lies in the final heat treatment. After the cold rolling process, the steel is placed in a controlled annealing furnace. During annealing, the furnace atmosphere is carefully controlled. This process creates a thin magnetite (Fe₃O₄) layer instead of loose oxide scale.