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A global submarine cable system is an underwater network of cables that connects nations and continents at high speeds. The cables are buried on the ocean floor. These cables serve as the foundation of the world's telecommunications network, carrying voice, video, and data transmissions over great distances. The fiber optic core of the underwater cables is encased in layers of polyethylene, polyurethane, copper or steel wires, and other protective materials. They are made to survive the severe conditions found underwater, including as pressure, high temperatures, and saltwater corrosion. Global Submarine Cable Systems are essential to the operation of the world economy and are owned and run by consortiums, internet service providers, and telecommunications firms.