Best Hospitals for Gliomas Treatment in India. Glioma is a type of malignant (mass of abnormal cells that is cancerous) cancer which affects brain and spinal cord. There are majorly two types of the brain tumours. Primary brain tumour starts in the brain and the secondary brain tumour develops in other parts of the body and spreads in the brain. Glioma is known as primary brain tumour as it develops in any part of the brain, nerves or tissues.